Effective Pieces of Advice on How to Write a Fantasy Novel

Effective Pieces of Advice on How to Write a Fantasy Novel How to Write Your First Fantasy Novel Many people are passionate about fantasy novels. Such stories expand our imagination, excite our emotions, and take us to a journey we have never been before. Fantastic fiction is everywhere in pop culture. With this unpredictable genre, many modern authors like George R. R. Martin, Joe Abercrombie, and Scott Lynch continue to stretch, overturn, and interpret the plots to attain exciting punchlines. However, creating a unique and convincing fantasy story is complicated. You should realize that you are creating an entirely new world with original characters, personified things and ideas, in which people should believe. This process requires thorough consideration and planning. To establish an imaginary world, you must create characters that will captivate and engage the audience. Although fantasy stories take place in fictional world, they still have certain rules. The genre fantasy is divided into plenty of subgenres where high fantasy is the thing which writers and readers admire the most. It is not enough to include magical objects and characters in the plot. The author’s main aim is to subvert the readers’ expectations and make him/her perceive the world as an entirely different place. If you are interested in how to write a fantasy novel, you must let loose your imagination. This article provides some tips that are designed to assist you in composing a fascinating story. Tips to Write a Fascinating Story Study the Useful Insights of the Genre Certainly, reading is essential if you want to become a good writer. This should be your first step to get into the fantasy fiction world. It is necessary for you to get a clear understanding of the elements that make fantasy novels different. It is also important to read extensively, as this will help you examine the specific features of the genre. Here are some pieces of advice: Examine the ways different writers create complex and immersive universes. Compare the examples from various fictional plots. For instance, think how differs the peaceful village from â€Å"The Lord of the Rings† from Mordor. Study the ways the writers develop the characters. If you want your first fantasy novel to be well-written, you should observe everything in other authors’ characters, from their demeanor to their quirks and vexes. Note the ways they go through all the challenges. Compare the internal logic of every imaginary world. What’s great in fantasy novels is that they never bind their readers’ thinking. Even some minor events in the plot always have certain logic. Every magic system has its own rules to follow. If you try to create your own magical world, you should examine the internal logic of any other fictional world. Thus, on the first stage of creating a fantasy novel, you have to learn to think beyond the boundaries of the real world. Now, your aim is to study the approach of the best fictional authors. Examine the ways they manage difficulties in fantasy writing process. It is very important to read a lot until you have an idea on how to create a convincing fictional world. Not only will it improve your writing skills but also help you create good outlines for your stories. Explore Various Ideas To learn how to write fantasy stories it is important to explore some exciting fantasy novel ideas. Some of the most known fantasy novels were only able to persuade readers because they contained original ideas. This genre has a great opportunity for exploring creative freedom. A huge number of young-adult fantasy stories, over the last time, have significantly explored the boundaries of science-fiction and reality. The main aim of this was creating something that will help the readers escape the present and run into the imaginary world. Therefore, to create a fictional universe, you must develop unique and fascinating ideas – particularly for the setting. Actually, you can find inspiration anywhere, for example: Watch a documentary on Animal Planet, which may trigger an idea to create an imaginary world for animals and other fantastic creatures Explore unusual settings and observe exceptional things Read top fantastic fiction series and compare settings while making notes of some interesting elements which make them unique Make sure to jot down all your ideas, including minute details such as weather, housing, and scenery to have a clearer picture of your fantasy universe. Describe Your Imaginary World Every good writer has his own tips for writing a fantasy novel and uses them to make the readers see the fantasy world through his/her eyes. Thus, if you want your novel to be more realistic, you should pay special attention to the description of the settings’ and the characters’ physical features. Make sure you already have a clear vision of your fantasy world so that you are able to describe it in detail. Depict physical features of the countryside, universe, or even a teeny hut, where your story takes place. Make every effort to provide your reader with the ability to picture the environment of the characters. Here are some ways to practice this: Start observing and depicting everything that is going on around you by using descriptive language. Describe everything, including feelings, smells, and looks. Connect all these scenes while illustrating them on the paper. Use this same strategy to describe your imaginary world. Describe plants, their appearance, colors, and smell. Describe the environment, weather, sounds, and so on. Add some contrasts to the atmosphere to enhance your readers’ perception. The most critical thing is describing your characters’ appearance, details which make them different so that your readers are able to create their pictures in mind. Map out Your Story By drawing a map with the story, you make it easier to write understandable fantasy novels. For this reason, many known writers practice this to incline their audience artistically. If it seems to you that it will help the readers understand the complex set of your story, you should draw it. Furthermore, include some significant landmarks and mark seas and rivers. It would be also great if you create symbols that will indicate cities and towns. Set the Time Frame It is one more important part of your story. It should be set in a specific timeframe as the story’s characters and setting greatly depend on the timeframe. For example, stories that are set in future mostly revolve around technological achievements. If the novel describes a specific historical era, the timeframe might represent a primitive society. Therefore, keep it in mind while looking for ideas to write a fantasy novel. Look through many ideas of timeframe and learn the ways various writers incorporate it into their stories’ themes. If you are going to write a futuristic story, it might be useful to do some research into the technology. It will help you do some assumes about the changes in human life, as well as get a better image of your characters and settings. If your story takes place in the ancient world, you should get sufficient information about past cultures and traditions. To write the most realistic novel, include the details which will portray the timeframe in your plot, like traveling, cultures, and ancient people’s appearance. Make Social Conventions Different social classes and lifestyles are inherent to our society. To write a fantasy novel step by step, make sure to include certain rituals and customs. One of the options is incorporating various aspects of the actual social conventions. Do the characters of your story have any festivals? How do they mark death? Think over these or similar ideas so that your audience is able to relate to them. One more great way to come up with some ideas of new social conventions is researching different cultures. Many writers borrow certain ideas of rituals from older cultures. Make an Outline of the Story As soon as you decide on the topic, plot, and other important aspects, you are strongly encouraged to write down the outline in the sequence. Draft an outline before you start writing. It will provide you an opportunity to analyze all the twists and turns of the plot. Besides, it is very convenient to create headings and divide the story into the chapters on this stage. The best way to structure the novel is by dividing it into three main phases: beginning, the body, and climax. Additionally, you can compile the events by describing the course of actions, turning points, conflicts, and resolution. Final Phase Now, it is about time you edited your novel. Go back and make final changes if needed. It is best told be great if you ask for feedback of an experienced writer or publisher to improve your novel before publishing it. In general, creating a fantasy story is mostly about playing with your imagination. Good luck to you with writing an original and fascinating fictional story.

STEEP ANALYSIS ON INDUSTRY OF PULP AND PAPER Essay

STEEP ANALYSIS ON INDUSTRY OF PULP AND PAPER - Essay Example ronic medium of communication or the digitization and automation in the every aspect of business the need for physical paper has shown a decline in the recent ages (Barney, 1991). The use of the electronic medium in the businesses has affected this industry. This has led to a decline in the purchase of the paper and pulp. However, a number of new technologies have been adopted by the manufacturers which would be cost efficient and would lead to rise in the revenue of the companies. The technological shift would also lead to a rise in the production of the paper in the country. However, as most of the companies are moving towards sustainability the use of hardcopy paper using for mails and documentation are getting reduced. Since the major inputs for the manufacturing of paper and pulp is tree, the manufacturers have become more inclined towards eco friendly. This has led to a rise in the demand for the hand-made paper or of materials which are made up of recyclable products and thereby saving a lot of trees. The manufacturing companies also have to be conscious about the balance in the emissions during the process of production (Chhabra, 2010). There are a number of laws pertaining to the environmental auditing and regulations which has been set by the government of the country. The companies have to ensure that these laws are not violated while they are undertaking their production process. There is a lot of variety of paper that is being produced in India. For each of the qualities the pricing of the paper varies and hence the revenue from the expensive category of the product is quite low. Canada has a stable political environment. Along with that the trade relations with the United States and the participation in the NAFTA has helped the country to move towards a better economic position and have helped the country to complete in the larger world

Write a Science Times style report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Write a Science Times style report - Essay Example The way that we are affected in frightening situation can be fatal at times. Scientific inventions in the 20th century have made it possible that these effects will not haunt us for long. The scientists have used the available resources to determine how fear can be managed and its impacts reduced or eliminated. This has been made possible through two options: medication or conditioning. The question is how long can the fear be extinguished? How efficient and effective is the method of extinguishing? What are the side effects that are associated with implementation of such practices? Is there possibility that fear will return? How can the fear that has returned be managed? In the year 2009, scientists Monfils et al. (2009) conducted a research using rats to help prevent a return of fear. The research aim was to determine a given window to which a return of fear could be prevented through post- retrieval extinction. Post- retrieval extinction is whereby additional activities are put in place after the removal of fear so as to see that it doesn’t come back. The research entailed the rats being fear induced, then exposed to retrieval trail. The duration between the induction and retrieval was 24 hours. After a period of 6 to 10 minutes, the rats were taken to training to see them forget the fear. One month after reconsolidation showed that there was no un- induced recovery of fear. The control experiment group, however, recovered the fear memory. This research therefore showed that fear reconsolidation was necessary to see the fear memory permanently removed. How does this apply to humans? A study by Schiller et al. (2010) was conducted in the year 2010, to determine if the results found among the rats could be used in humans. This research therefore used humans as the specimen instead of rats yet testing the same mechanism. Fear was induced in humans that were grouped in pairs using coloring. The

Importance of Social Marketing

Importance of Social Marketing Social marketing is objective to influence the social behaviors but not to benefit the marketer, but to benefit the target market and the society (Weinreich, 2006). While demarketing is an efforts aimed at discouraging the consumer to demand the product which a firm cannot produce in available product, or does not want to provide in a certain places where the cost of distribution is high and allow only a too little profit (Business dictionary.com, 2014). Therefore, in the following section, it will discuss the importance of social marketing and demarketing to tis current environment. Therefore, the first importance of the social marketing to its current environment is health care. This is due to the public health is going to globalization as a popular issues to the whole world as long as not only concern to local communities. For example, â€Å"36 million deaths each year are caused by non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung diseases and 6.7 million people of infectious diseases alone, far more than the number killed in the natural or man-made catastrophes that make headlines in 2008 † (Shah, 2014).. Therefore, it is importance to the social marketing to solve the problem of health care to influence consumers toward health behaviour. This is because of the strengths of social marketing for health are aimed to achieving and maintaining behavioural objectives, by understanding consumers and implement more simple way to ensure them to adopt the behaviour that the life are improving (Griffiths, Stevens Thorp e et al, 2008). Hence, the strategies of the social marketers to influence the health behaviour can through the social media, mediated through a health care consultant and other ways of communication (Evans, 2006). Firstly, social marketers use the communication channels to influence the health behaviour by giving the information of health through the one-way distribution of information. It has given way to a multimodal transactional model of communication. It is the most effective way to reach people about health issues by sending the messages to peoples. This group of people usually based on social demographic, cultural and behaviour characteristics that may be combined with the behaviour change. For example, the National Cancer Institutes â€Å"five a day for better health† campaign developed a specific messages aimed at Hispanic people, due to national report that they consume less fruit and vegetables and may have cultural reasons that discourage them from eating locally available produce (Evans, 2006). Next, the second strategy of the social marketing uses to influence the health behaviour by health promotion. It will increase the community commitment to develop social wealth through a successful health promotion programmes to encourage the communities to develop stronger networks and long-term creativities that are self-supporting to have a long term effect (Griffiths, Stevens Thorpe et al, 2008). Besides that, health promotion is concerned on health and wellbeing outcomes, which improved society health and reducing the inequalities of health and social. It aims to allow people and communities to maintain their own health and wellbeing by attainment control over the underlying factors that influence health and well-being (Griffiths, Stevens Thorpe et al, 2008). In conclusion, as concluded different authors based on above statement, it shows that the effectiveness of social marketing on the health issues and the importance of social marketing to r aise the awareness of health behaviour to reduce the amount of people death on health problem. Furthermore, the next importance of social marketing to its current environment is environmental protection. This is due to the individual behaviour is the cause of a major number of environmental problems, lack of control of individual behaviour from environmental legislation, which normally focus on industrial sources of environmental harm. Besides that, it shows also people contributed around 32% of the United States ‘’annual greenhouse gas emissions, totalling approximately 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions’’ (Kennedy, 2010). After that, the overuse of agrochemical and pesticides and improper farming are one of the main cause to the pollution and degradation to several land zones national. In addition, there is the problem of some land areas polluted with Agent Orange or dioxin as war consequences (Hanoi, 2003). Hence, to reduce the gas emissions, some strategies are used it, such as incentives. It are a useful tool to encourage individual behaviour change, obviously shown on increasing in recycling, with the group provided with incentives increasing its recycling by 54% (Kennedy, 2010). Moreover, implementation a new Environmental Protection Act in 2004 which aimed to control and reduce of environmental emission also is one of the strategies use to protect the environment (Republic of Slovenia, 2010). In other sides, the social marketing activities designed to address for those specific recycling opportunities with the State Solid Waste Management Plan provides a point of reference, such as selecting target group and objective. As a result, the â€Å"Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Recycling Litter Prevention has adopted social marketing methods to assist SWMDs and local governments meet and exceed the State Plan recycling goals†, for example, a research show how the overall moving and local communities successful achieved the meeting goal in the 2004 Progress Report of the State Plan, non-subscripti on curb side recycling programs reported by SWMDs had increased from 233 to 352 (Landis, 2005). In conclusion, it also shows how the effectiveness the social marketing toward to the environment as the global warming is increased by year to year. In conclusion, it shows the importance of social marketing toward to the environment and aimed by different strategies. Moreover, the demarketing also is an importance tool that use to discourage people purchase from certain product, such as alcohol and cigarette. Therefore, the importance of demarketing to its current environment is tobacco consumption. This is due to the tobacco would kill one person in every ten second and continue increasing to 3 seconds over the next 40 years ( Udupa, 2007). Therefore, it is necessary to implement the demarketing strategies to solve the problem. The strategies of demarketing implement to the tobacco consumption is raised cigarette taxes, restricted smoking in the public area, offered smoking cessation services diversity to smokers and conducted an aggressive paid advertising campaign on the dangers of ETS and second-hand smoking (Gupta, 2014). The purposes of government of raise up the tax on cigarette to force the company to increase the price which discourage the consumer buy the cigarette. Tobacco taxation which passed on to consumers in the higher cigarette p rices has been recognized as one of the most effective strategies for decreasing smoking and its opposed health consequences (Bader, Boisclair, Ferrence, 2011). For example, in Texas and Iowa, which each increased their cigarette taxes by $1.00 in 2007 and shown the effect of smoker quit from it has improved compared to the 2006. It is also showing that these efforts to reduce the smokers after tax increases have significantly improvement (Boonn, 2012). In addition, warning labels also one of the strategies that discouraging the people to smoke. This is due to the warning labels is aimed to inform smokers about the health hazards of smoking, encourage smokers to quit, and prevent non-smokers to smoke. Furthermore, warning labels on tobacco products are a way of communicating with smokers. As a result, a 2007 study in Nicotine Tobacco Research found that most of smokers in the United States strongly supported, a detailed warning labels similar to those used in Canada, and appreciate d the information they provide. Therefore, it shows in the 2009 New York State Adult Tobacco Survey most 80% of non-smokers and 58% of smokers in New York support the strategy of warning label with full information on cigarette packs and the of New Yorkers has increased significantly over time( Campaign for tobacco free kid). For example, one of the demarketing efforts for tobacco control in India was implemented regulation in 2001 which included the outlawing smoking in public places, forbidding sale of tobacco to minor, more prominent health warning labels and ban advertising at sport and culture events. Besides that, Indian parliament introduced Tobacco Control Bill 2001 which prohibition of advertisement and regulation of trade and business, production, supply (Cumminge, 2002). In conclusion, it shows the importance of demarketing to discourage the people from buying the cigarette by imposed the legislation. In addition, the next importance of the demarketing to its current environment is limited the use of car. This is due to as a rapid growth of the population, the number of using cars is increasing and caused to traffic congestion. For example, as Liu (2014) stated that around 185,000 vehicles drive through to the city of London in Britain every day and traffic was worse as the average speed just 15 kph in 1999. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the use of car to overcome the traffic congestion. Hence, there are strategies of demarketing to reduce the use of car, such as congestion charge. It is an economic way of regulating traffic by imposing fees on vehicle users that drive through a citys more crowded roads. After proposed this strategy, the responded of the congestion charge has helped solving the traffic problem, increase the capital to build public transport and protect environment by reducing emissions (Liu, 2014). Next, the strategy of demarketing that use to limit the use of car is auto-free zones. It is designed to any area where traffic is prohibited in some area, which complete closure of streets, such as pedestrian malls, parking controls, neighbourhood parking permits. These are implemented in downtown areas or centre city areas from a complete ban of transportation from an area, to the restriction of movements of certain types of vehicles within an area. Next, parking controls refer to the exclusion of parking from streets in the area. The purpose of parking restrictions is to discourage people from driving to the area in private vehicles, and to enable movement throughout the area by removing on-street parking. Besides that, auto restricted zones most regularly implemented in downtown areas which needed renewal and effective in reduce congestion on the freeways. These strategies also would result in increased traffic capability on the highways, resulted from reduced in delays due to accidents. (Vehicle Use Limitations / Restrictions). In conc lusion, as there were occurred the problem of traffic congestion, the limiting use of cars should implement and reduce the car use to overcome the problem that occur by several strategies of demarketing. As a conclusion, since there often different problem that might need some strategies used to solute the problem toward to the society, social marketing and demarketing are the most effective tool in solving the problem. Although the social marketing is used to influence the behaviour change with benefit to the society, while demarketing is used to reduce the demand of the product, but, both of this two are bring out the benefit to the society.

Drug Use Among College Students

Marijuana is the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States, with approximately 32 percent of all Americans having tried it at least once in their lifetime (Marijuana Use among Students, 2008). The Harvard School of public Health College Alcohol Study, conducted in 1993, examined the drug and alcohol use of 17,592 college students nation-wide (Marijuana Use among Students, 2008). The study found that marijuana use is higher among students who participate in other high-risk activities such as binge drinking, cigarette smoking, and having multiple sexual partners (Marijuana Use among Students, 2008).The purpose of this study is to examine drugs use among college students. Drug is define as a substance or medicine that is misused. Review of Literature In many societies, marijuana has historically been a valued crop (Hanson, Venturell, 1998). It is called hemp because the woody fibers of the stem yield a fiber can be made into cloth and rope (Hanson, Venturell, 1998). The ter m cannabis comes from the Greek word for hemp(Hanson, Venturell, 1998). Cannabis is often used with other substances, especially nicotine, alcohol, and cocaine (DSM IV,2000 ).Mild forms of depression, anxiety or irritability are seen in about one-third of individuals, who regularly use cannabis (DSM IV,2000). Starting in 2000, reports of marijuana use among college students started to level off, with the annual prevalence hovering between 30 percent and 35 percent for several years (Higher Education Center, 2008). Marijuana users also demonstrate an increased risk for other high-risk behaviors such as heavy drinking and cigarette smoking when compared with their peers who abstain from marijuana (Higher Education, 2008).Students who use marijuana frequently may function at a limited intellectual level at all times that is even when not under the influence of the drug contributing to lower grades and an increased risk of dropping out of college (Higher Education Center, 2008). There h as been research that examined the relationship among social norms, social outcome and expectancies, and marijuana users (Neighbors, Geisner, Lee, 2008).Students completed online assessment of their marijuana use, related consequences, perceived norms, and social expectancies related to marijuana use (Neighbors, Geisner, Lee, 2008). Results suggested that perceptions of friends marijuana use were most strongly associated with marijuana use (Neighbors, Geisner, Lee, 2008). Rates of use among colleges ranged from zero percent at the lowest use schools to 54 percent at the highest use schools (Bell, Wechsler, Johnston, 1996).Many individuals attend college to experience independence from parental supervision for the first time, and are particularly vulnerable to social pressures to engage in risky behavior such ad cocaine use (Williams, Pacula, Chaloupka, Wechsler, 2006). There are long-term consequences of frequent marijuana use which include and increased tolerance for the drug, depr ession and anxiety, impaired immune defense, complications in pregnancy, and increased heart attack risk (Higher Education Center, 2008).Many marijuana users do not realize that, as with other illicit drugs, it can be addictive (Higher Education Center, 2008). While not everyone who uses marijuana becomes dependent upon it, thousands of people who enter dug treatment programs annually report marijuana as their primary drug of abuse (Higher Education Center, 2008). Hypotheses It is hypothesized the marijuana users seems to obtain lower grades or drop out of college.

Although Odysseus physical characteristics Essay

Odysseus is a great mythological character. He possesses attributes that are pleasing to the gods who favor him, but also challenging to the gods who are displeased with him. Physically, emotionally, and intellectually he excels above mortal men and can compare with the gods. Physically Odysseus could be considered the ideal man of his time. He is a tall, handsome, well-built man with exceptional strength and endurance. In Homer’s description of Odysseus, he is more like a mythological god, than a mortal man. Through Odysseus’ physical characteristics Homer provides the reader with a visual heroic image. With his big rippling thighs, his boxer broad shoulders, his massive chest, and burly arms there was no mortal man that could compare. The reader achieves the feeling that Odysseus is able to physically conquer any circumstance he encounters. I imagine a Sampson-like character that upon first glance anyone would realize his immense physical strength. As time takes its physical toll on Odysseus, Athena comes along and restores his physical beauty and strength. Through this we are reminded that Odysseus is merely a mortal and needs help along the way. This shows that even though he was blessed with outstanding physical characteristics he still has to deal with his mortality. Although Odysseus’ physical characteristics are impressive, his character is far more appealing. He is described as a luckless man, but also as kind, wise, brave, and fearless. With Odysseus’ physical strengths we could choose to be fierce and controlling, but instead he chooses to be kind and fair. His emotional stability creates a likable heroic character. The reader is pulling for Odysseus to succeed and win his internal and external battles. Although he faces many trials, he never has an unfair word or action. He is personally faced with many emotional challenges, yet he does not blame other people for his misfortunes. He is truly a good-hearted person. Even during the tough times in his life, he always pulls through with a good attitude and perspective on life. With his exceptional physical attributes and hi outstanding character he take son a godlike quality. Odysseus is also gifted intellectually. He is described as a man of accomplishments, a mastermind, and an expert strategist. He is a well-rounded individual capable of success. This shows that he has the chance to overcome the many obstacles he faces throughout his journey. Odysseus also possesses wisdom, and good sense within. Wisdom is Odysseus’ greatest gift because it provides him with better judgment in every situation. Not possessing good sense and wisdom can cause his life to take a fatal turn in the wrong direction. Odysseus was successful in making his journey home to Ithaca because of this amazing gift of wisdom. Odysseus is an extremely versatile individual possessing outstanding characteristics physically, intellectually, and emotionally. His heroic actions throughout his many journeys prove him to be a man of true character. † In mythology and legend, a man or woman, often of divine ancestry, who is endowed with great courage and strength, celebrated for his or her bold exploits, and favored by the gods is a true hero. † Therefore Odysseus is the perfect example of a mythological hero.

A Look at Ancient Columns from Persia and Egypt